It started since the end of World War II. Artists experimented so freely with so many media, such different styles and such a wealth of content. There were no settled ways and no fixed approach. Wave of immigrant artist who escaped the Nazis had settled largely in New York. Due to this, the center of the art world shifted to New York. Abstract Expressionism, it is spontaneous execution, large gestural brushstrokes, abstract imagery and field of intense color. It is a post World War II Art Movement in American painting, developed in New York in the 1940s. It was the first specifically American movement to achieve international influence and put New York City at the cener of the western art world, a role formerly filled by Paris. Although the term "abstract expressionism" was first applied to American art in 1946 by the art critic Robert Coates, it had been first used in Germany in 1919 in the magazine Der Sturm, regarding German Expressionism. In the United States, Alfred Barr was the first to use this term in 1929 in relation to works by Wassily Kandinsky. Figurative painting, sometimes written as Figurativism, particularly paintings and sculptures. Figurative art is often defined to contrast abstract art. The formal elements, those aesthetic effects created by design, upon which figurative art is dependent, include line, shape, color, light, and dark, mass, volume, texture, and perspective.
Pop Art, “Pop” means from an English critic Lawrence Alloway refers to the universal images of “popular culture”. Pop Art renders the commonplace, the boring. It does show the “personal signature” of the artist. Hyperrealism, the rendering of subjects with sharp, photographic precision, if firmly rooted in the long, realistic tradition in the arts. The decade of the 1970s witnessed a strong presence of realism in the visual art and subjective abstract tendencies that had gripped American painting since World War II. Toward the end of that decade in 1978 New York’s Whitney museum of American art mounted and controversial, though significant exhibition called “new image painting”. Neo-expressionism, the center of the art world moved to New York in the 1940s for historical as well as artistic reasons. The first generation Abstract Expressionists developed a style that was viewed worldwide as highly original and influential. They laid claim to the tenet that the process of painting was a viable alternative to subject matter. These young German and Italian artists, who came to be called Neo-Expressionists, detested painting “about nothing”. This artist would mature to portray the bitter ironies and angst of their generation in emotionally fraught images that are rooted in history, literature, and expressionistic art.
Feminist art, it started from the feminist art movement of the 1970’s, is made using traditional art forms, like paintings and non- traditional media like conceptual art, body art, performance art, video and film. It could also aspects of different movements or media such as merging of text and photo. It is an art of practice not born from classical art but it is open to the freedom to experiment and representing a shift to postmodernism from modernism when art made by women was put in an "other" or different class than works made by men. Until the movement, it was often difficult for women to have their work represented by galleries and included in exhibitions. Ephemeral art, from the Greek word, “ephemeros”, literally "lasting only one day" or temporary. It may be constructed for the duration of an exhibition. Typically the term is used to describe objects found in nature, although it can describe a wide range of things. Video art is a type of art which relies on moving pictures and comprises video and/or audio data. Video art came into existence during the early 1960s and early 1970s as the new technology became available outside corporate broadcasting and is still practiced and has given rise to the use of video installations. Fine artists have appropriated video as their medium in the creation of works of art. Digital art is an artistic work or practice that uses digital technology as an essential part of the creative or presentation process. Since the 1970s, various names have been used to describe the process including computer art and multimedia art, and digital art is itself placed under the larger umbrella term new media art. The techniques of digital art are used extensively by the mainstream media in advertisements, and by film-makers to producevisual effects. Desktop publishing has had a huge impact on the publishing world, although that is more related to graphic design.
